The Muko-Muko come from the North Muko-Muko and South Muko-Muko districts of north Bengkulu Regency of Bengkulu Province. They are located south of West Sumatra Province, west of South Sumatra Province and along the coast of the Indian Ocean. Part of their area is swampland or tidal waters where a brackish mix of ocean and river water mix. There are also many rivers, the largest of which is the Muko-Muko River. The Muko-Muko are no longer isolated, as the government has constructed a highway connecting Bengkulu Province to West Sumatra Province that passes through the Muko-Muko area. In everyday communication, the Muko-Muko speak their own speech variety, a dialect of Minangkabau influenced by Malay.
The Muko-Muko are farmers, fisherman, hunters, daily laborers, merchants and rattan craftsmen. Their most famous handicraft are carved cigarette lighters. In addition to this, they have community farms which produce rubber, cloves and palm oil. The kinship system is matrilineal, which means that descent and property are passed down to the daughters in the family. This is due to the influence of the related Minangkabau people. The Muko-Muko still use their traditional leadership system. Their villages are governed by a Pasirah (village chief) and his assistants. The role of the Pasirah is to safeguard stability and harmony according to their cultural customs, as well as to collect taxes and community fees. These fees can take the form of working three days every year for the village head or giving money amounting to the same value of the three days of work. Other fees are paid to get a certificate of marriage, certificate of divorce, peace treaties and permission to court a young maiden. The Muko-Muko use the term kaum to refer to a group of families. The kaum is led by the clan chief and his assistants. There are five clans that are still growing: Delapan, Berenam, Empat Belas (Seven Ancestors), Lima Suku and Gersik Tunggul. The most famous aspect of the Muko-Muko culture is the Gandai dance. This dance is similar to the Malay dances but has been influenced by the Minangkabau style of dancing. When they attend a cultural celebration the men wear traditional clothes called teluk belangga, which is a black jacket with a turban. The women wear traditional clothing called betabur, which is a blouse with a gold threaded cloth and a wrap-around skirt.
Islam is the religion of the majority of the Muko-Muko, but in everyday life they still hold to animistic beliefs. At the core of these animistic beliefs is the effort to get protection from spirits using occultic power to control good and bad spirits. They are very afraid of the spirits of deceased mothers who died giving child birth. They also worship large tree, rocks, natural springs, ancestral graves and their ancestors.
At this time the Muko-Muo need agricultural assistance, particularly with their community farms, so that the farms can be better managed and improve people's standard of living. They also need Indonesian language teachers because many of the Muko-Muko can not speak or even understand Indonesian.
Scripture Prayers for the Muko Muko in Indonesia.
Profile Source: IPN, 2011 Copyrighted © Used with permission |
People Name General | Muko Muko |
People Name in Country | Muko Muko |
Alternate Names | Mokomoko |
Population this Country | 58,000 |
Population all Countries | 58,000 |
Total Countries | 1 |
Indigenous | Yes |
Progress Scale | 1 ● |
Unreached | Yes |
Frontier People Group | Yes |
GSEC | 1 (per PeopleGroups.org) |
Pioneer Workers Needed | 1 |
People ID | 13859 |
ROP3 Code | 106874 |
ROP25 Code | 305680 |
ROP25 Name | Muko-Muko |
Country | Indonesia | ||
Region | Asia, Southeast | ||
Continent | Asia | ||
10/40 Window | Yes | ||
National Bible Society | Website | ||
Persecution Rank | 33 (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking) | ||
Location in Country | Widespread in the Indonesian Archipelago; west central Sumatra, Padang area. Nearly half live outside central Sumatra; South Sumatra, west coast Mukomuko area Source: Ethnologue 2016 |
Country | Indonesia |
Region | Asia, Southeast |
Continent | Asia |
10/40 Window | Yes |
National Bible Society | Website |
Persecution Rank | 33 (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking) |
Location in Country | Widespread in the Indonesian Archipelago; west central Sumatra, Padang area. Nearly half live outside central Sumatra; South Sumatra, west coast Mukomuko area. Source: Ethnologue 2016 |
Primary Religion: | Islam |
Major Religion ▲ | Percent |
---|---|
Buddhism |
0.00 %
|
Christianity (Evangelical 0.01 %) |
0.02 %
|
Ethnic Religions |
0.00 %
|
Hinduism |
0.00 %
|
Islam |
99.98 %
|
Non-Religious |
0.00 %
|
Other / Small |
0.00 %
|
Unknown |
0.00 %
|
Primary Language | Minangkabau (58,000 speakers) |
Language Code | min Ethnologue Listing |
Primary Dialect | Muko-muko |
Dialect Code | 14355 Global Recordings Listing |
Language Written | Yes ScriptSource Listing |
Total Languages | 1 |
Primary Language | Minangkabau (58,000 speakers) |
Language Code | min Ethnologue Listing |
Primary Dialect | Muko-muko |
Dialect Code | 14355 Global Recordings Listing |
Total Languages | 1 |
People Groups | Speaking Minangkabau |
Primary Language: Minangkabau
Bible Translation ▲ | Status (Years) |
---|---|
Bible-Portions | Yes (1980-1990) |
Bible-New Testament | Yes (1996-2010) |
Bible-Complete | No |
FCBH NT (www.bible.is) | Online |
Possible Print Bibles | |
---|---|
Amazon | |
World Bibles | |
Forum Bible Agencies | |
National Bible Societies | |
World Bible Finder | |
Virtual Storehouse |
Resource Type ▲ | Resource Name | Source |
---|---|---|
Audio Recordings | Audio Bible teaching | Global Recordings Network |
Audio Recordings | Story of Jesus audio | Jesus Film Project |
Film / Video | Indigitube.tv Video / Animation | Create International |
Film / Video | Jesus Film: view in Minangkabau | Jesus Film Project |
Film / Video | LUMO film of Gospels | Bible Media Group/LUMO |
Film / Video | World Christian Videos | World Christian Videos |
General | Bible for Children | Bible for Children |
General | Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video | Faith Comes by Hearing |
General | Gospel resources links | Scripture Earth |
Mobile App | Download audio Bible app as APK file | Faith Comes by Hearing |
Mobile App | Download audio Bible app from Google Play Store | Faith Comes by Hearing |
Photo Source | Copyrighted © 2023 Anonymous All rights reserved. Used with permission |
Map Source | People Group location: IMB. Map geography: ESRI / GMI. Map design: Joshua Project. |
Profile Source | IPN, 2011 Copyrighted © Used with permission |
Data Sources | Data is compiled from various sources. Learn more. |